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Methods@#Seven human lumbopelvic spines were used, each affixed to six-degrees-of-freedom testing apparatus; 8.5-Nm pure unconstrained bending moments applied in flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. The ROM of left and right SIJ was measured using a motion analysis system. Each specimen tested as (1) intact, (2) injury (left), (3) L5–S1 fixation, (4) unilateral stabilization (left), (5) unilateral stabilization+L5–S1 fixation, (6) bilateral stabilization, and (7) bilateral stabilization+L5–S1 fixation. Both left-sided iliosacral and posterior ligaments were cut for injury condition to model SIJ instability before surgery. @*Results@#There were no statistical differences between fixated and contralateral nonfixated SIJ ROM following unilateral stabilization with/without L5–S1 fixation for all loading directions (p>0.930). Injured condition and L5–S1 fixation provided the largest motion increases across both joints; no significant differences were recorded between SIJs in any loading direction (p>0.850). Unilateral and bilateral stabilization with/without L5–S1 fixation reduced ROM compared with the injured condition for both SIJs, with bilateral stabilization providing maximum stability. @*Conclusions@#In the cadaveric model, unilateral SIJ stabilization with/without lumbosacral fixation did not lead to significant contralateral SIJ hypermobility; long-term changes and in vivo response may differ.
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Objective:To evaluate the applicability of bone age (BA) assessment methods and to investigate the difference between BA and chronological age (CA) based on the data of children in rural areas of Beijing.Methods:A total of 412 healthy children (226 boys, 186 girls) with the age 8.6 (6.8, 10.3) years old were included in this study. The data of the prospective study were from a subgroup of the project "National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for 0-18 Years Old Children in China", which included children with age of 3-12 years old in Beijing rural areas. The non-dominant hand-wrist radiographs of all participants were obtained in April 2021. The Dr.Wise BA detection and analysis system was used to assess the BA according to the Tanner Whitehouse 3 (TW3) radius-ulna-short bone score (TW3-RUS), TW3 carpal bone score (TW3-Carpal), China-05 TW3-Chinese RUS (TW3-C RUS), China-05 TW3-Chinese carpal (TW3-C Carpal), and Greulich-Pyle (G-P) standards. The cases were stratified by the sex and different CA in the statistical analysis. The estimated BA obtained using different methods were compared with the CA using Wilcoxon signed ranks test.Results:The sex-stratified results showed that no significant difference was found between the estimated BA using G-P standards and CA in boys ( Z=-0.694, P=0.488), while all the other estimated BA results were statistically significantly higher than CA ( P<0.05). Stratified by both sex and CA, the estimated BA using G-P standards in 4-6 years old boy groups, as well as the estimated BA using TW3-Carpal and TW3-C Carpal standards in 11-12 years old girl groups were lower than CA, while in the other groups, the estimated BA were higher than CA. Conclusions:There were varying degrees of deviations in the BA estimations using TW3, China 05, and G-P methods for children in rural areas of Beijing. It is imperative to establish a new standard for the BA evaluation of the contemporary Chinese children.
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Objective:To report the sampling study design and radiography protocol of a large-sample investigation on skeletal maturation of 3 to 18-year-old children in China.Methods:Multi-stage stratified random sampling was employed in this study. Two provinces, municipalities, or autonomous regions were randomly selected from each of the seven regions of China, including Northeast China, Northwest China, North China, Central China, East China, Southwest China, and South China. Then one rural and one urban investigation site were randomly selected from each province, municipality, or autonomous region. In total 28 sites were included. Among those sites, four residential districts were randomly selected from each urban site, and four townships from each rural site. For each residential district or township, 1-4 kindergartens, primary schools, and middle schools were chosen. Random cluster sampling was used to extract 3-<6-year-old children in kindergartens, and 6-18-year-old children in primary schools and middle schools. The investigation on skeletal maturation was sampled proportionate to the sampling of the whole study. The estimated simple size was 780 for each site, and 21 840 for all 28 sites in total. There were six groups of 3-<6-year-old children classified at 0.5-year intervals, and 12 groups of 6-18-year-old children classified at 1-year intervals. Posteroanterior position radiography of the left hand and wrist was achieved for all subjects.Results:The study was performed from August 26, 2019 to October 16, 2021. In total, 20 444 children received posteroanterior position radiography of the left hand and wrist, including 10 196 males and 10 248 females, 9 711 urban and 10 733 rural, respectively. The 3-<6-year-old group included 1 611 (male 819, female 792) subjects, and the 6 to 18-year-old group included 18 833 (male 9 377, female 9 456) subjects.Conclusion:This nationwide investigation on skeletal maturation of 3 to 18-year-old children in seven regions of China was successfully preformed. The results of this study can provide an important reference for establishing the current evaluation criteria of bone age in Chinese children and adolescents.
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In this study,a fluorescent(FL)aptasensor was developed for on-site detection of live Salmonella typhimurium(S.T.)and Vibrio parahaemolyticus(V.P.).Complementary DNA(cDNA)of aptamer(Apt)-functionalized multicolor polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-perovskite quantum dots(cDNA-POSS-PQDs)were used as encoded probes and combined with dual-stirring-bar-assisted signal amplification for pathogen quantification.In this system,bar 1 was labeled with the S.T.and V.P.Apts,and then bar 2 was functionalized with cDNA-POSS-PQDs.When S.T.and V.P.were introduced,pathogen-Apt complexes would form and be released into the supernatant from bar 1.Under agitation,the two complexes reached bar 2 and subsequently reacted with cDNA-POSS-PQDs,which were immobilized on MXene.Then,the encoded probes would be detached from bar 2 to generate FL signals in the supernatant.Notably,the pathogens can resume their free state and initiate next cycle.They swim between the two bars,and the FL signals can be gradually enhanced to maximum after several cycles.The FL signals from released encoded probes can be used to detect the analytes.In particular,live pathogens can be distinguished from dead ones by using an assay.The detection limits and linear range for S.T.and V.P.were 30 and 10 CFU/mL and 102-106 CFU/mL,respectively.Therefore,this assay has broad application potential for simultaneous on-site detection of various live pathogenic bacteria in water.
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Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of myocardial damage in children with mycoplasma pneumonia in Qinghai area, and to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 328 children diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumonia in Qinghai region from June 2016 to June 2020 were selected as the research subjects. According to whether they were complicated with myocardial damage, they were divided into the control group (no myocardial damage, n=185) and the experimental group (complicated with myocardial damage, n=143). The data of the children were collected by using a questionnaire made by our hospital. These included gender, age, fever duration, initiation time of macrocyclic esters and fever degree, etc., and the levels of CK-MB, CK, CTNNI, NT-proBNP, CRP, LDH and RDW were determined. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, gender and complications between the two groups (P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the use time, fever duration and fever degree between the two groups (P<0.05). In terms of laboratory indicators, there were statistically significant differences in the levels of CK-MB, CK, cTNnI, NT-probNP, CRP, LDH and RDW between the two groups (P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of fever (OR=3.105), the start time of macrolides (OR=1.457), the degree of fever (OR=2.495), CRP(OR=1.853) and RDW(OR=1.358) were the risk factors for myocardial damage in children with mycoplasma pneumonia in Qinghai area (P<0.05). Conclusion The duration of fever, the initiation time of macrolide drugs, the degree of fever, CRP and RDW are independent risk factors for myocardial damage in children with mycoplasma pneumonia in Qinghai area. The early use of macrolide drugs can prevent myocardial damage, improve the treatment effect and improve the prognosis of children.
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Objective To preliminarily analyze the acute myocardial damage and important risk factors caused by sepsis in children in Qinghai, and analyze and discuss preventive measures on the basis of the foregoing. Methods The study selected 385 children with sepsis in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 and included 158 children with acute myocardial damage caused by sepsis (case group), and the remaining 227 cases (control group) were not seen Myocardial damage. The study collects basic information such as sociodemographic information of all children, and collects serum troponin I (cTnI) and CK-MB levels (determined by chemiluminescence method); as well as serum CRP levels and PCT levels. To compare and analyze the levels of related indexes in children with myocardial damage, and the differences from those in the control group. Then analyze and see the risk factors that are potentially associated with acute myocardial damage. Use SPSS statistical software package to analyze the data. cTnI enzyme-labeled immunoassay assay, reagents are provided by Nanjing Jidan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; medicine is (0.00~0.01) μg/mL, cTnI level normal group (≤0.01 μg/mL) and cTnI level elevated group ( > 0.01 μg/mL) ); CK-MB>5 ng/mL is the positive standard for myocardial muscle injury; CRP medical reference value < 8mg/L, PCT< 0.1 ng/mL; CRP is detected by the turbidimetric method, and the instruments and reagents are manufactured by German Deling BNⅡ specific protein analyzer and original matching reagents. Pediatric Critical Case Score (PCIS) and Pediatric Death Risk Factor Score (PRISM Ⅲ) (evaluate twice, take the lowest value). Results In this study, the majority of male children were male, and the proportion of children with active myocardial damage had a higher proportion of low-grade fever. At the same time, the disease was more severe than the control group. It can be seen that the PCIS score is lower and the PRISM Ⅲ is higher. The difference is statistically significant. (P<0.05). The serum troponin I (cTnI), CK-MB, CRP, and PCT levels in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the serum albumin levels were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant Scientific significance (P<0.05); the risk factor analysis was carried out with the presence of myocardial damage as the dependent variable, and the potential influencing factors as the independent variables (social demographic factors, basic conditions of hospitalization, levels of indicators related to myocardial damage, etc.). Including single factor analysis (adjustment for potential confounding factors) and multivariate analysis. The results showed that increased age, low fever, increased PCT, low albumin level ( ≤ 25g/L), and increased PRISMⅢ were risk factors for myocardial damage (P<0.05). Conclusions Acute myocardial damage caused by sepsis in children with sepsis can be seen in male children, and children with active myocardial damage have a higher proportion of low-grade fever. At the same time, the condition is more severe than that of the control group. It can be seen that the PCIS score is higher. Low, higher PRISMⅢ, and other significant characteristics; analysis of potential influencing factors suggests that increased age, low fever, increased PCT, low albumin levels, and increased PRISMⅢ are positively correlated with the increased risk of acute myocardial damage in children. Therefore, it is planned to be clinically 1. Pay attention to older children with low fever and more critically ill children; 2. Detect or monitor the levels of PCT and albumin in children to early warn the occurrence of myocardial damage; carry out necessary and timely warning and prevention.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SPOT (GI Supply, USA), a new carbon-based permanent marker approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in the endoscopic marking for gastrointestinal lesions.Methods:A total of 115 patients with gastrointestinal lesions who underwent endoscopic treatment or surgery in Beijing Friendship Hospital or Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from April 2019 to November 2019 were enrolled in the study. SPOT was used to mark the lesions, and marking points were found during endoscopic treatment or surgery to calculate the effective marking rate by single-group target value method. Adverse events after marking were recorded, and the changes of blood routine test, liver and kidney functions before and after marking were compared.Results:The effective rate of endoscopic marking with SPOT was 99.13% (114/115). The longest marking time was 57 days. There was no puncture of intestinal wall or injection into abdominal cavity during the marking process. One patient developed mild fever after marking. The incidence of adverse events was 23.48% (27/115), which were all unrelated to the test equipment. There was no significant difference in blood routine tests or liver and kidney functions before and after marking ( P>0.05). Conclusion:SPOT produced by GI Supply can effectively mark gastrointestinal lesions without serious adverse events, which meets the requirements of clinical use.
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Clinical data of 5 patients with pancreatic and liver lesions who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in the Department of Gastroenterology of Beijing Friendship Hospital from February to May 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Pancreatic lesions were located in the head of pancreas in 3 cases, the neck of pancreas in 1 case and the body of pancreas in 1 case, with the maximum diameter of 3.2-4.6 cm. The histological and cytologic results of pancreas were all positive in 5 patients after 2-4 needles of aspiration. Three patients had single lesion in left lobe of liver, 1 had multiple lesions in left lobe of liver, and 1 had multiple lesions in left and right lobe of liver. The maximum diameter of liver lesions were 0.4-1.2 cm. After 1-3 needles of aspiration, the histological and (or) cytologic results of liver were positive in 4 of 5 patients, only 1 patient's cytologic result was negative. No associated complications were recorded. EUS-FNA for pancreatic and liver lesions is safe and effective.
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Huge improvement has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and more doctors have begun to focus on this subject with the increased level of EUS. Beijing Friendship Hospital has built a comprehensive system for the teaching method and process which include basic information screening of trainee and standardized training of perceiving and operating ability. There were 3 grades training of computer simulation, animal simulation and operation on real patients. During the first month of training, trainees accepted training with computer simulator for at least 100 hours, and underwent animal simulator during the second month, then underwent EUS on the real patients under supervision of instructors during the third month. By doing this, residents can master the technique of treatment and diagnosis of EUS in a safer and better way.
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Objective@#To study the current situation and relevant risk factors for disability and dementia among the elderly in urban areas of Jiangsu province.@*Methods@#A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select representative elderly people aged 60 years and over in urban areas in Jiangsu Province, and a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted.The activities of daily living(ADL)scale and mini-mental state examination(MMSE)were used to assess the status of disability and dementia.And the relevant risk factors for disability and dementia were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression methods.@*Results@#A total of 1 600 elderly people were investigated and 1 514 valid questionnaires were recovered.The effective recovery rate was 94.6%.The rates of disability and dementia were 17.9%(271/1 514)and 8.5%(129/1 514)respectively in the elderly in Jiangsu urban areas.Univariate analysis showed that age, marital status, education level, empty-nest, whether or not to suffer from chronic diseases, health status, medication, and whether or not to have dementia were significantly related with the disability in the elderly(P<0.01). And age, gender, marital status, education level, whether or not to suffer from chronic diseases, health status, medication, and whether or not to have disability were significantly related with the dementia in the elderly(P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors associating with increasing disability in the elderly were advanced age(OR=16.371), non-marriage(OR=1.917), chronic disease(OR=2.256), poor health condition(OR=23.214), dementia(OR=4.067)and insufficient income(OR=1.607)(P<0.05). And the factors associating with increasing risks for dementia in the elderly were advanced age(OR=2.864), female(OR=1.610), poor health condition(OR=3.097), empty nest(OR=1.607)and disability(OR=4.026)(P<0.05). Therefore, comprehensive measures should be taken for intervention of disability and dementia in the elderly.@*Conclusions@#The incidence of disability and dementia is high among the elderly in urban areas of Jiangsu Province.Disability and dementia are the results of the interaction effect of health, family and social factors.Therefore, comprehensive measures against risk factors should be taken for intervention of disability and dementia in the elderly.
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Objective To study the current situation and relevant risk factors for disability and dementia among the elderly in urban areas of Jiangsu province.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select representative elderly people aged 60 years and over in urban areas in Jiangsu Province,and a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted.The activities of daily living (ADL) scale and mini-mental state examination(MMSE) were used to assess the status of disability and dementia.And the relevant risk factors for disability and dementia were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression methods.Results A total of 1 600 elderly people were investigated and 1 514 valid questionnaires were recovered.The effective recovery rate was 94.6％.The rates of disability and dementia were 17.9 ％ (271/1 514) and 8.5 ％ (129/1 514) respectively in the elderly in Jiangsu urban areas.Univariate analysis showed that age,marital status,education level,empty-nest,whether or not to suffer from chronic diseases,health status,medication,and whether or not to have dementia were significantly related with the disability in the elderly(P ＜0.01).And age,gender,marital status,education level,whether or not to suffer from chronic diseases,health status,medication,and whether or not to have disability were significantly related with the dementia in the elderly(P ＜ 0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors associating with increasing disability in the elderly were advanced age(OR =16.371),non-marriage(OR =1.917),chronic disease (OR =2.256),poor health condition(OR =23.214),dementia (OR =4.067) and insufficient income (OR =1.607)(P＜0.05).And the factors associating with increasing risks for dementia in the elderly were advanced age(OR =2.864),female(OR =1.610),poor health condition(OR =3.097),empty nest (OR =1.607) and disability (OR =4.026) (P ＜ 0.05).Therefore,comprehensive measures should be taken for intervention of disability and dementia in the elderly.Conclusions The incidence of disability and dementia is high among the elderly in urban areas of Jiangsu Province.Disability and dementia are the results of the interaction effect of health,family and social factors.Therefore,comprehensive measures against risk factors should be taken for intervention of disability and dementia in the elderly.
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Objective To study the health status ,the current health service needs and the influencing factors concerning the rural elderly population in Northern Jiangsu. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was conducted in elderly people over 60 in Xuzhou ,Lianyungang ,and Suqian.Participants were face-to-face interviewed with questionnaires.Information on health status and health service needs was collected and analyzed. Results A total of 2655 elderly people were enrolled in this study ,including 1252 males (47.2%)and 1403 (52.8%)females with a mean age of (70.9 ± 6.7)years.Self-assessed health was generally poor ,with the two-week morbidity at 26.6%and the prevalence of chronic diseases at 60.1%;46.5% of the participants regularly took medications ;4.1% of them had physical disability ;8.2% had impaired daily activities ;The two-week hospital visit rate was 29.4%;The one-year hospitalization rate was 18.5%;The rate of non-hospitalization for people in need of hospitalization was 27.6%.Multivariate analysis showed that old age(OR＝5.51) ,adequate income(OR＝2.29)and short journey to a medical institution (OR＝7.90) were associated with high two-week hospital visit rates ;old age(OR ＝ 1.76) ,female gender(OR ＝1.36) ,empty-nest(OR＝ 1.37 ) ,family harmony (OR＝ 1.91 ) ,having chronic diseases (OR＝ 3.49 ) , and high frequency in taking medications (OR＝1.69)were correlated with high hospitalization rates. Conclusions The elderly population in rural areas of Northern Jiangsu shows poor health ,has high needs for health services ,and lacks sufficient service utilization.
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Research on disease-syndrome combination is the main approach and method of research on integrative traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Disease-syndrome combination embodies the complementary advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. It discusses the relationship between diseases and syndromes through an interdisciplinary approach, and explores rules of disease diagnosis and treatment based on differential diagnosis. Thanks to the development of modern life science techniques, research on disease-syndrome combination has made great achievements. This article mainly introduced the application and the development prospects of new techniques, such as data mining, system biology, epigenetics, biological network and network pharmacology in the research on disease-syndrome combination in recent years, with a purpose to provide the ideas and the methods for further research and clinical application.